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1.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 40(2): 146-151, 15/06/2021.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1362220

ABSTRACT

Purpose Experimental models might help understand the pathophysiology of neurocysticercosis-associated hydrocephalus. The present study aimed to compare the extent of hydrocephalus and tissue damage in rats with subarachnoid inoculation of different concentrations of Taenia crassiceps cyst proteins. Methods Sixty young rats were divided into two groups: low- and high-concentration groups. The animals in the low concentration group received 0.02ml of 2.4mg/ml T. crassiceps cyst proteins while those in the high concentration group received 0.02 ml of 11.6mg/ml T. crassiceps cyst proteins. The animals underwent magnetic resonance imaging at 1, 3, and 6 months postinoculation to assess the ventricle volume. Morphological assessment was performed at the end of the observation period. Results Repeated measures of ventricle volumes at 1, 3, and 6 months showed progressive enlargement of the ventricles. At 1 and 3 months, we observed no differences in ventricle volumes between the 2 groups. However, at 6 months, the ventricles were larger in the high concentration group (median » 3.86mm3, range: 2.37­12.68) compared with the low concentration group (median » 2.00mm3, range: 0.37­11.57), p » 0.003. The morphological assessment revealed a few inflammatory features in both groups. However, the density of oligodendrocytes and neurons within the periventricular region was lower in the high concentration group (5.18 versus 9.72 for oligodendrocytes and 15.69 versus 21.00 for neurons; p < 0.001 for both). Conclusion Our results suggest that, in rats, a higher concentration of T. crassiceps cyst proteins in the subarachnoid space could induce ventricle enlargement and reduce the number of neurons within the periventricular area.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Cerebral Ventricles/physiopathology , Neurocysticercosis/pathology , Hydrocephalus/parasitology , Antigens, Helminth , Subarachnoid Space/physiopathology , Taenia , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Rats, Wistar , Statistics, Nonparametric , Central Nervous System Parasitic Infections , Host-Parasite Interactions , Hydrocephalus/physiopathology
2.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 28(3): 479-488, July-Sept. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1042536

ABSTRACT

Abstract This study documented the first outbreak of cerebral coenurosis in goats in Salalah, southern Oman. Deaths of 130 (16.6%) adult native goats in a herd (n=780) were reported from January to June 2017. Affected goats showed various nervous signs ended by death. Investigations for thiamine deficiency, polioencephalomalacia, caprine arthritis encephalitis, and listeriosis were negative. Upon necropsy, multiple (1-4) thin-walled cysts 2-3.5 cm in diameter containing clear fluid with numerous clusters of protoscolices in the cerebrum and cerebellum had replaced the brain parenchyma, causing space-occupying lesions. Parasitologically, the recovered cysts were Coenurus cerebralis, based on the arrangement of protoscolices, and the number and size of their hooks. Morphologically, each protoscolex had four suckers and a rostellum with double-crown hooks. The large and small hooks were 157.7±0.5 µm and 115±0.6 µm in length, respectively. Histopathologically, the parasite destroyed the affected tissues associated with multifocal to diffuse lymphocytic, non-suppurative meningoencephalitis; ischemic neuronal necrosis; and malacia. This is the first report of cerebral coenurosis in livestock in Oman, which should alert the local public health authorities for the application of prevention and control measures.


Resumo Este estudo documentou o primeiro surto de coenurose cerebral em cabras em Salalah, Oman. A morte de 130 (16,6%) caprinos adultos nativos (n=780) foi relatada de janeiro a junho de 2017. As cabras afetadas mostraram distúrbios neurológicos, que culminaram em óbito. Investigações para deficiência de tiamina, polioencefalomalácia, encefalite por artrite caprina e listeriose foram negativas. Na necropsia, múltiplos (1-4) cistos de paredes finas com 2-3,5 cm de diâmetro contendo líquido claro com numerosos aglomerados de protoescólices no cérebro e no cerebelo haviam substituído o parênquima cerebral, causando compressão nas estruturas adjacentes. Os cistos recuperados foram identificados como sendo de Coenurus cerebralis, com base no arranjo dos protoescólices, e no número e tamanho de seus ganchos. Morfologicamente, cada protoescólice tinha quatro ventosas e um rostelo com dupla coroa de ganchos. Os ganchos grandes e pequenos tinham 157,7±0,5 µm e 115±0,6 µm de comprimento, respectivamente. Histopatologicamente, o parasita causou a destruição dos tecidos afetados associada à meningoencefalite linfocítica não-supurativa, que variou de multifocal a difusa, necrose neuronal isquêmica e malacia. Este é o primeiro relato de coenurose em ruminantes no Oman, o que deve servir de alerta para as autoridades locais da área de saúde para a aplicação de medidas de prevenção e controle.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Taenia/isolation & purification , Goats/parasitology , Neurocysticercosis/veterinary , Oman/epidemiology , Disease Outbreaks , Neurocysticercosis/pathology , Neurocysticercosis/epidemiology
3.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 76(5): 339-345, May 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-950537

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is one of the parasitic infections that most affects the central nervous system. The knowledge regarding its immunopathogenesis and pathophysiology needs broadening. Taenia crassiceps cysticerci are used as the NCC experimental model. The aim of this work was to describe the general pathological processes and the in situ cytokine profile in C57BL/6 mice inoculated intracranially with viable T. crassiceps cysticerci. The histopathology analysis showed cysticerci in the extraparenchymal and intraventricular region, mononuclear inflammatory infiltration surrounding the parasite, microgliosis and meningitis. The analysis of the in situ immune profiles showed a predominance of the Th2 response. The IL-4 and IL-10 dosages were significantly increased in the infected group. The decrease in the INF-gamma dosage reflects the immunomodulation from the cysticerci. In conclusion, a T. crassiceps NCC infection in C57BL/6 mice triggers an inflammatory response, a predominance of Th2 type in situ profile, with mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltration, meningitis and microgliosis.


RESUMO Neurocisticercose (NCC) é uma das doenças parasitárias que mais afeta o sistema nervoso central. É necessário aprofundar o conhecimento em relação à sua imunopatogênese e patofisiologia. Os cisticercos de Taenia crassiceps são utilizados como modelo experimental para estudos da NCC. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever os processos patológicos gerais e o perfil de citocinas in situ em camundongos C57BL/6 inoculados via intracerebral com cisticercos viáveis de T. crassiceps. A análise histopatológica demonstrou cisticercos nas regiões extra-parenquimatosa e intraventricular, infiltrado inflamatório de células mononucleares ao redor do parasita, microgliose e meningite. A análise in situ do perfil de citocinas mostrou uma predominância da resposta Th2. As dosagens de IL-4 e IL-10 foram significativamente maiores no grupo infectado. Conclui-se que a NCC por T. crassiceps em camundongos C57BL/6 induz uma resposta inflamatória com predominância in situ de citocinas do perfil Th2, com infiltrado inflamatório de células mononucleares, meningite e microgliose.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Interleukin-4/blood , Interferon-gamma/blood , Interleukin-10/blood , Th2 Cells/immunology , Neurocysticercosis/immunology , Taenia/immunology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Interleukin-4/immunology , Interferon-gamma/immunology , Interleukin-10/immunology , Neurocysticercosis/pathology , Disease Models, Animal , Mice, Inbred C57BL
4.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 74(6): 495-500, June 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-784193

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is an endemic disease and important public health problem in some areas of the World and epilepsy is the most common neurological manifestation. Multiple intracranial lesions, commonly calcified, are seen on cranial computed tomography (CT) in the chronic phase of the disease and considered one of the diagnostic criteria of the diagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the test that better depicts the different stages of the intracranial cysts but does not show clearly calcified lesions. Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM), also known as cerebral cavernomas, are frequent vascular malformations of the brain, better demonstrated by MRI and have also epilepsy as the main form of clinical presentation. When occurring in the familial form, cerebral cavernomas typically present with multiple lesions throughout the brain and, very often, with foci of calcifications in the lesions when submitted to the CT imaging. In the countries, and geographic areas, where NCC is established as an endemic health problem and neuroimaging screening is done by CT scan, it will be important to consider the differential diagnosis between the two diseases due to the differences in adequate management.


RESUMO A neurocisticercose (NCC) é um importante problema endêmico de saúde pública em algumas áreas do mundo, sendo epilepsia sua manifestação clínica mais comum. Múltiplas lesões intracranianas, geralmente com calcificações visualizadas em tomografia computorizada de crânio, são interpretadas como um dos critérios diagnósticos na fase crônica da doença. A ressonância magnética é o melhor teste de imagem para identificar a doença em diferentes estágios de sua forma cística mas apresenta limitações para demonstrar lesões calcificadas. Malformações cavernosas cerebrais, ou cavernomas, são malformações vasculares comuns ao sistema nervoso e epilepsia é também a sua forma mais frequente de apresentação. Na sua forma familiar cavernomas apresentam-se tipicamente com múltiplas lesões encefálicas e, frequentemente, com focos de calcificações na TC. Em alguns países, e determinadas regiões geográficas, onde neurocisticercose é endêmica, a neuroimagem mais usada para diagnóstico é a TC de crânio. Nesse contexto torna-se importante estabelecer bases para o diagnóstico diferencial entre as duas doenças, devido às diferentes formas de acompanhamento e tratamento adequado.


Subject(s)
Humans , Neurocysticercosis/diagnosis , Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Neurocysticercosis/pathology , Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System/pathology , Diagnosis, Differential
5.
Acta cir. bras ; 30(12): 819-823, Dec. 2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-769506

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To develop an experimental model of neurocysticercosis-induced hydrocephalus METHODS: There were used 17 rats. Ten animals were inoculated with Taenia crassiceps cysts into the subarachnoid. Five animals were injected with 0.1ml of 25% kaolin (a standard solution for the development of experimental hydrocephalus) and two animals were injected with saline. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to evaluate enlargement of the ventricles after one or three months of inoculation. Volumetric study was used to quantify the ventricle enlargement. RESULTS: Seven of the 10 animals in the cyst group developed hydrocephalus, two of them within one month and five within three months after inoculation. Three of the five animals in the kaolin group had hydrocephalus and none in the saline group. Ventricle volumes were significantly higher in the 3-months MRI cyst subgroup than in the 1-month cyst subgroup. Differences between cyst subgroups and kaolin group did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSION: The developed model may reproduce the human condition of neurocysticercosis-related hydrocephalus, which exhibits a slowly progressive chronic course.


Subject(s)
Animals , Disease Models, Animal , Hydrocephalus/chemically induced , Neurocysticercosis/parasitology , Cerebral Ventricles/drug effects , Cerebral Ventricles/pathology , Kaolin , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Neurocysticercosis/pathology , Pilot Projects , Rats, Wistar , Taenia
6.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 70(4): 287-292, Apr. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-622598

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To present the experimental model of neurocysticercosis (NCC) caused by Taenia crassiceps cysticerci, to describe the inflammatory process, susceptibility, or resistance of BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice to this infection, and to describe the host-parasite relationship. METHODS: The animals were intracranially inoculated with initial stage T. crassiceps cysticerci. They were euthanized at 7, 30, 60, and 90 days after the inoculation. Their encephala were removed for the histopathologic analysis, classification of the parasites, and inflammatory lesions. RESULTS: Experimental NCC was observed on both mice lineages. BALB/c mice presented inflammatory lesions with greater intensity, inducing necrosis on late stage parasites, and with an acute inflammation pattern, while C57BL/6 mice showed greater capability on provoking early necrosis in the cysticerci, which showed a chronic inflammation pattern. CONCLUSIONS: This experimental model induced NCC on mice with characteristic inflammation and lesions. C57BL/6 mice were able to induce precocious necrosis of the parasites presenting inflammatory lesions with lower intensity.


OBJETIVOS: Apresentar o modelo experimental de neurocisticercose (NCC) com cisticercos de Taenia crassiceps, descrever a inflamação, suscetibilidade e resistência em camundongos BALB/c e C57BL/6, caracterizando melhor a relação parasito-hospedeiro. MÉTODOS: Os animais foram inoculados intracranialmente com cisticercos de T. crassiceps em estádio inicial e eutanasiados aos 7, 30, 60 e 90 dias após a infecção. Retiraram-se os encéfalos para análise histopatológica, classificação dos parasitos e lesões inflamatórias. RESULTADOS: Foi possível induzir NCC nas duas linhagens de camundongos utilizados como modelo experimental. Os animais BALB/c apresentaram lesões inflamatórias mais intensas do que os camundongos C57BL/6 e induziram nos parasitos necrose na fase tardia com padrão inflamatório agudo. Os C57BL/6 mostraram-se mais hábeis em provocar necrose precocemente nos cisticercos, mas com padrão inflamatório crônico. CONCLUSÕES: Este modelo experimental induziu NCC nos animais com inflamações e lesões. Os camundongos C57BL/6 foram hábeis em induzir precocemente necrose nos parasitos, apresentando lesões inflamatórias com menor intensidade.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Mice , Encephalitis/parasitology , Host-Parasite Interactions , Neurocysticercosis/parasitology , Taenia/physiology , Disease Models, Animal , Encephalitis/pathology , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Neurocysticercosis/pathology , Severity of Illness Index
8.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 68(1): 07-11, Feb. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-541179

ABSTRACT

Objective: To determine the relationship between Taenia antigen (TA) detection in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in patients with definite diagnosis of neurocysticercosis (NC). Method: Sixty-three patients with definite diagnosis of NC were submitted to a MRI of the brain, and to a CSF examination, with a meticulous search for TA by ELISA. Results: TA detection was positive in 36 patients (57.1 percent). A total of 836 lesions were analyzed, greatly within the cerebral parenchyma (98.7 of the lesions). Intact or non-degenerating cysts were the most common evolutive phase observed (50.4 percent of all lesions), 22.1 percent were degenerating cysts and 19.5 percent calcified cysts. We observed a significant relationship between TA levels detected and the total number of lesions and the number of non-degenerating cysts, but not with calcified lesions. Conclusion: According to our results, we propose at least four important types of contribution: (1) TA detection may allow etiologic diagnosis in transitional phases of NC, with non-characteristic images; (2) in final stages of evolution of cysticercoids in the CNS, lesions may not appear on CT or MRI, and TA detection may contribute to a definite etiologic diagnosis; (3) TA detection may permit diagnosis of NC in some patients with previous negative tests for antibody detection in CSF; (4) TA detection may represent an accurate marker of disease activity in the epileptic form of NC.


Objetivo: Determinar a relação entre a detecção de antígeno de Taenia (TA) no líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR) e achados de ressonância magnética (RM) em pacientes com diagnóstico definitivo de neurocisticersose. Método: Sessenta e três pacientes com diagnóstico de NC foram submetidos a exame de RM e exame de LCR com pesquisa de antígeno de Taenia por método imunoenzimático. Resultados: A detecção de TA foi positiva em 36 pacientes (57,1 por cento). Um total de 836 lesões foram analizadas sendo 98,7 por cento intraparemquimatosas, 50,4 por cento dos cistos encontravam-se íntegros, 22,1 por cento degenerados e 19,5 por cento calcificados. Foi observada relação significativa entre a presença dos níveis de TA detectados com o número total dos cistos e também com o número de cistos íntegros. Não foi observada relação com cistos calcificados. Conclusão: (1) a detecção de TA permite o diagnóstico etiológico em formas transicionais na NC com imagem pouco característica; (2) em estágio evolutivo final de um cisticerco no sistema nervoso, este pode não aparecer na tomografia computadorizada ou RM sendo a presença do antígeno importante para confirmação diagnóstica; (3) a detecção do TA permite também o diagnóstico de NC nos casos em que as reações inumológicas são negativas; (4) a detecção do TA representa um marcador de atividade da doença nas formas epiléticas da NC.


Subject(s)
Adult , Animals , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Antigens, Helminth/cerebrospinal fluid , Neurocysticercosis/diagnosis , Taenia/immunology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Neurocysticercosis/cerebrospinal fluid , Neurocysticercosis/pathology , Young Adult
9.
Gac. méd. Caracas ; 116(2): 152-160, jun. 2008. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-630534

ABSTRACT

La parapsicología se refiere al estudio de ciertos tipos de fenómenos paranormales. Paranormal conciernea una experiencia que no parece ser explicable en términos del conocimiento científico o de nuestra comprensión de hechos cotidianos. La realidad científica del fenómeno parapsicológico y la validez científica de sus investigaciones, a menudo son áreas de frecuente disputa y crítica. Hasta ahora la psicología formal la caracteriza como una pseudociencia. La palinopsia es un raro síntoma caracterizado por el fenómeno ilusorio de perseveración y/o recurrencia de imágenes visuales luego de haber sido removido el estímulo excitatorio. Es una distorsión del procesamiento de imágenes en el sistema visual causado por lesiones unilaterales o bilaterales de variado origen que afectan las áreas posteriores de los hemisferios cerebrales, toxicidad o efectos colaterales de drogas terapéuticas, una extensa lista de condiciones misceláneas y aún en sujetos normales. A despecho de su rareza, existe abundante literatura al respecto posiblemente por su carácter intrigante o por su naturaleza pseudo-parapsicológica. Los autores presentan los casos de 6 pacientes, dos de los cuales estaban recibiendo tamoxifeno, una droga hasta el presente no reconocida como causa de este fenómeno


Parapsychology is the scientific study of certain types of paranormal phenomena. The “paranormal” (beside or beyond the normal) refers to unusual experiences that do not seem to be explainable in terms of our everyday understanding or known scientific principles. The scientificreality of parapsychological phenomena and the validity of scientific parapsychological research is amatter of frequent dispute and criticism. The field is regarded by some critics as a pseudoscience. Palinopsia is a rare symptom characterized by the illusory phenomenon of perseverance or recurrence of visual images after removal of the exciting stimulus. It is a distortion of the processing in the visual system caused by unilateral o bilateral lesions of various kinds, such as toxicity or side effects of drugs, as well as an array of miscellaneous conditions, that affect posterior areas of the cerebral hemispheres in normal subjects. Despite its rarity, there is abundance of literature on the subject, possibly because of the intriguing, quasiparapsychologic nature of the symptom. Six patients were identified with the diagnosis of palinopsia o poliopsia of whom two were taking the drug tamoxifen not previously described in the literature


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology , Meningioma/pathology , Neoplasm Metastasis/pathology , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Neurocysticercosis/pathology , Tamoxifen/administration & dosage , Imagery, Psychotherapy , Papilledema/etiology , Tamoxifen/pharmacology , Visual Fields
10.
São Paulo; Canal Futura; 2008. 1 videocassete (26 min.).
Non-conventional in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-599427

ABSTRACT

A sustentabilidade ambiental está diretamente relacionada à falta de informação e cuidados com a higiene. Veja o que o Dr. Dráuzio Varella diz sobre a prevenção e o tratamento da dengue, muitos meses antes da epidemia carioca.


Subject(s)
Humans , Dengue/history , Dengue/mortality , Dengue/prevention & control , Environmental Health , Food Hygiene , Severe Dengue/mortality , Public Policy , Preventive Health Services/organization & administration , Intersectoral Collaboration , Drinking Water , Hand Disinfection , Neurocysticercosis/pathology , Taenia solium/parasitology
11.
J. epilepsy clin. neurophysiol ; 13(4): 183-185, Dec. 2007. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-476674

ABSTRACT

A neurocisticercose possui um amplo espectro de manifestações clínicas. Entre estas, a mais freqüente são as crises convulsivas, podendo incluir manifestações incomuns como as psiquiátricas. OBJETIVO: Relatar o caso de uma paciente com crises epilépticas generalizadas e complexas, associado a alterações comportamentais ligadas a libido. MÉTODO: A paciente foi investigada por tomografia computadorizada (TC) cerebral o qual demonstrou imagem com coeficiente de atenuação semelhante a cisto em lobo temporal esquerdo, com grande efeito de massa, simulando astrocitoma. RESULTADO: A abordagem neurocirúrgica da lesão comprovou a existência de um cisto parasitário, que após sua retirada, houve regressão total dos sintomas. CONCLUSÃO: É importante fazermos o diagnóstico diferencial de doenças psiquiátricas de instalação abrupta com lesões do sistema nervoso central, entre estas a neurocisticercose e neoplasias.


Neurocysticercosis has a broad range of clinical manifestations. Among them, the most frequently found are seizures, but uncommon manifestations as the psychiatric ones are also found. OBJECTIVE: report the case of a patient presenting with generalized and partial complex seizures associated with libido comportamental changes. METHODS: on a CT scan, was found an image with cyst-like density on the left temporal lobe, causing a large mass effect, simulating astrocitoma. RESULTS: neurosurgical approach showed the lesion was a parasitic cyst, and after its removal, symptoms were resolved completely. CONCLUSION: in psychiatric diseases with sudden onset, it is important to make differential diagnosis with CNS lesions like neurocysticercosis and neoplasms.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Astrocytoma/diagnosis , Social Behavior Disorders , Neurocysticercosis/pathology , Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe/pathology , Neurosurgery/instrumentation
12.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 65(1): 87-91, mar. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-446687

ABSTRACT

The aim of this paper was to describe the occurrence and morphology of neurocysticercosis (NCC) in autopsies. We revised 2218 autopsies performed at the School Hospital from Federal Unversity of Triangulo Mineiro, 1970-2003. Data referring to age, gender and color of patients were reported and NCC was microscopically and macroscopically analyzed. We found 53 (2.4 percent) NCC cases. The mean age was 50 years old, 34 (64.1 percent) individuals were male and 36 (67.9 percent) white. Macroscopically, 17 cysticerci were analyzed. The most frequent location was meningocortical in 12 (70.6 percent) cases. Microscopically, the cysticerci presented an ovoid shape, containing the larvae preserved in 4 (23.5 percent) cases or in destruction degrees in 13 (76.5 percent) cases. Therefore, in NCC was found several general pathologic processes (necrosis, interstitial deposits, fibrosis, gliosis, inflammation) amongst which are highlighted beta-fibrillose in 13 (76.5 percent) cases associated to inflammatory process in 16 (94.1 percent) cases caused by the parasite, not yet related to NCC, and calcification present in viable and destruction parasites.


O objetivo desse trabalho foi descrever ocorrência e morfologia da neurocisticercose (NCC) autópsias. Revisou-se 2218 autópsias realizadas no Hospital Escola da Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), 1970-2003. Registrou-se idade, gênero e cor dos pacientes, analisou-se macroscopia e microscopia da NCC. Encontrou-se 53 (2,4 por cento) casos de NCC. A média das idades foi 50 anos, sendo 34 (64,1 por cento) do sexo masculino e 36 (67,9 por cento) brancos, não havendo diferença significante na comparação da idade, gênero e cor dos pacientes. Analisou-se macroscopicamente 17 cisticercos. A localização mais comum foi a meningo-cortical em 12 (70,6 por cento) casos. Microscopicamente, os cisticercos apresentaram forma oval contendo a larva íntegra em 4 (23,5 por cento) casos ou em grau de destruição em 13 (76,5 por cento) casos. Portanto, na NCC foram verificados vários processos patológicos gerais (necrose, depósitos intersticiais, fibrose, gliose, inflamação) destacando-se: beta-fibrilose em 13 (76,5 por cento) casos associada ao processo inflamatório em 16(94,1 por cento) casos causado pelo parasito, ainda não relatada na NCC, e calcificação presente no parasito viável e em destruição.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Brain/pathology , Neurocysticercosis/pathology , Brain/parasitology , Brazil/epidemiology , Neurocysticercosis/epidemiology
13.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 64(4): 905-911, dez. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-439740

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine the influence of the location of the irritative zone, and the number and the distribution of the intracranial calcifications in the severity of epilepsy associated with intracranial calcifications. METHOD: We studied 47 patients with epilepsy and intracranial calcifications, 24 with normal (Group A) and 23 with abnormal interictal EEGs (Group B), a control group (n=21) with abnormal interictal EEGs and normal CT-scans (Group C). Clinical, electroencephalographic and neuroradiological features were compared among groups. RESULTS: Temporal lobe interictal EEG abnormalities were found in 23/24 Group B patients, and in all Group C patients. Most Group B and Group C patients presented temporal lobe seizure symptomatology, whereas in most Group A patients symptomatology was rolandic (p=0.0001). Epilepsy was more severe in Group B and Group C patients than in Group A patients (p=0.0001 and p=0.0054). No relationship was found between the number of calcifications and epilepsy severity. CONCLUSION: An irritative zone at the temporal lobe is more relevant in determining the severity, symptomatology and frequency of seizures than the number and location of calcifications.


OBJETIVO: Testar a relevância do lobo temporal na epilepsia associada a neurocisticercose inativa. MÉTODO: Foram selecionados 47 pacientes com epilepsia e calcificações intracerebrais, 22 com EEGs intercríticos normais (Grupo A) e anormais em 23 (Grupo B) e um grupo controle (n=21) com EEGs intercríticos anormais sem calcificações intracerebrais (Grupo C). Características clínicas, eletrencefalográficas e neuroradiológicas foram comparadas entre os grupos. RESULTADOS: Encontramos anormalidades eletrencefalográficas temporais em 23/24 dos pacientes do Grupo B e em todos do Grupo C. Na maioria dos pacientes do Grupo B e Grupo C a sintomatologia ictal foi interpretada como temporal, porém no Grupo A como rolândica (p=0,0001) A epilepsia foi mais grave nos grupos Grupo B e Grupo C que no Grupo A (p=0,0001 e 0,0054). Não houve relação direta entre o número de calcificações e a gravidade da epilepsia. CONCLUSÃO: Uma zona irritativa sobre o lobo temporal é mais relevante na gravidade, sintomas e freqüência das crises que o número e a localização das calcificações.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Calcinosis/complications , Epilepsy/etiology , Neurocysticercosis/complications , Case-Control Studies , Calcinosis/pathology , Calcinosis , Cerebral Cortex , Electroencephalography , Epilepsy/pathology , Epilepsy , Neurocysticercosis/pathology , Neurocysticercosis , Severity of Illness Index , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
14.
Rev. chil. neurocir ; 25: 62-63, nov. 2005. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-464196

ABSTRACT

Presentamos un caso para señalar la forma de presentación pseudotumoral de esta enfermedad, damos la información del cuadro clínico de debut así como los resultados de los estudios imagenológicos preoperatorios que se inclinaban hacia un tumor cerebral de la región del cuerpo calloso y ventrículos laterales. El caso fue estudiado en Ecuador y operado en la Clínica Central "Cira García" mediante abordaje microquirúrgico y diagnóstico por biopsia de neurocisticercosis.


Subject(s)
Male , Adult , Humans , Neurocysticercosis/surgery , Neurocysticercosis/diagnosis , Neurocysticercosis/pathology , Neurocysticercosis , Seizures/etiology , Craniotomy/methods , Ecuador
15.
Indian J Pediatr ; 2004 Jul; 71(7): 641-4
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-78999

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To identify the pattern of intracranial structural lesions in developmentally normal children with partial motor seizures by computed tomography and to monitor the behavior of single ring enhancing lesion (SREL) after a period of time with or without treatment. METHODS: Consecutive developmentally normal children between one year and twelve years with partial motor seizures in a tertiary care referral Hospital. After clinical examination and appropriate investigation for tuberculosis and cysticercosis, CT scan was performed. In addition to anticonvulsants, children received antituberculous or anticysticercal therapy if indicated. Repeat CT was performed on children with SREL after 6 months. RESULTS: Computed tomography was abnormal in 102 (68%) children. Majority of the children (75) had SREL. The lesions were located in decreasing order of frequency in the parietal lobe (65), frontal lobe (7), occipital lobe (1), temporal lobe (1) and cerebellum (1). Repeat CT scan was performed on 50 of the 75 children with SREL. Among these, in 41 children who were only on antiepileptic therapy, the SREL had decreased in size in thirty-two whereas in the rest (9), there was no change in the size. CONCLUSION: Awareness of the existence of disappearing SREL lesions is essential to avoid unnecessary treatment with antituberculous or anticysticercal therapy and provides ample justification in treating with anticonvulsant drugs only.


Subject(s)
Algorithms , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Brain/pathology , Child , Child, Preschool , Diagnosis, Differential , Epilepsy, Partial, Motor/etiology , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Neurocysticercosis/pathology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Tuberculoma, Intracranial/pathology
16.
São Paulo; s.n; 2004. [113] p. ilus, tab, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-397849

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: o objetivo deste estudo é descrever o comportamento de sinal nas lesões císticas da neurocisticercose nas imagens ponderadas em difusão e na espectroscopia de prótons.MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: estudamos 38 pacientes (39 lesões) com neurocisticercose, usando difusão e espectroscopia de prótons.RESULTADOS: os cistos apresentaram hipossinal na difusão e valores de coeficiente de difusão aparente variando de 1,36 a 3,18 x 10-3 mm2/s. /PURPOSE: The objective of this report was to describe the signal behavior of the cystic neurocysticercotic lesions on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and single voxel proton spectroscopy findings.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 38 patients (39 lesions) with neurocysticercosis, using diffusion weighted images and proton MR spectroscopy...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Diagnostic Imaging/methods , Neurocysticercosis/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Neurocysticercosis/pathology
17.
Neurol India ; 2003 Sep; 51(3): 394-6
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-121024

ABSTRACT

We describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal characteristics of isolated (solitary lesion) intra fourth ventricular cysticercus cyst in 4 patients who clinically presented with obstructive hydrocephalus. All patients had routine MRI sequences (T1, T2, & proton density-weighted imaging), Fluid Attenuation Inversion Recovery (FLAIR), and post-gadolinium imaging followed by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow study. It revealed a CSF signal intensity (on all pulse sequences), intra fourth ventricular cyst with a nidus (scolex), and wall enhancement. On T1-weighted and FLAIR images, the cyst wall and nidus (scolex) were seen in 3 cases, which were not seen in other routine sequences. The CSF flow study showed the intraluminal nature of the cyst. The MRI features suspected a cysticercus cyst, and per-operative findings and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis. The review of literature of the intra fourth ventricular cyst is briefly discussed.


Subject(s)
Adult , Animals , Cysticercus , Female , Fourth Ventricle/parasitology , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Neurocysticercosis/pathology
18.
Managua; s.n; 20 mar. 2003. 42 p. tab, graf.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-446135

ABSTRACT

Estudio descriptivo, transversal realizado en el servicio de Neurología del Hospital Escuela Antonio Lenin Fonseca, durante el período de febrero - diciembre del 2005, que incluyó a 69 pacientes con diagnóstico de Neurocisticercosis, con el objetivo de identificar las manifestaciones radiológicas de la enfermedad. La edad promedio fue el rango de 31- 40 años (27.54 por ciento), sin predominio por el sexo. El 56.5 por ciento de los pacientes procedian de áreas rurales. El tiempo de evolución de la neurocisticercosis en este estudio fue el comprendido entre 1 y 5 años, desde el inicio de la enfermedad y el diagnóstico. Las convulsiones fueron el hallazgo clínico más común (60.8 por ciento), seguido de la cefalea (24.6 por ciento). Se realizaron pruebas de diagnóstico auxiliares que incluyeron hemograma, coprológico, citoquímico del LCR y ELISA indirecto, cuyos resultados fueron de neurocisticercosis. El estudio de imagen con hallazgos sugerentes de neurocisticercosis fue 100 por ciento, La lesión más frecuente encontrada en este estudio fue el nódulo calcificado (80 por ciento), que corresponde al estadio evolutivo nodular calcificado (80 por ciento), siendo el parénquima cerebral el sitio de mayor afectación (94 por ciento). El 96 por ciento de los pacientes quedaron en la categoria diagnóstica de diagnóstico probable, cumpliendo con criterios ya establecidos...


Subject(s)
Helminths , Neurocysticercosis/classification , Neurocysticercosis/diagnosis , Neurocysticercosis/epidemiology , Neurocysticercosis/etiology , Neurocysticercosis/pathology , Neurocysticercosis , Neurocysticercosis , Nicaragua
19.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 35(6): 617-622, nov.-dez. 2002. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-340061

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo teve como objetivos avaliar a prevalência de cisticercose, classificar as etapas evolutivas dos cisticercos encontrados nos encéfalos e coraçöes humanos, diferenciá-las de acordo com os aspectos macro e microscópicos dos processos patológicos gerais e comparar os processos encontrados nos encéfalos e coraçöes. Foram revisados protocolos de autópsias realizadas no Hospital Escola da Faculdade de Medicina do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brasil, no período de 1970 a 2000. Verificou-se a prevalência da cisticercose em 71 casos, sendo 18 (25,4 por cento) de cisticercose cardíaca e 53 (74,6 por cento) de encefálica. Foram analisados 19 cisticercos, sendo 9 de encéfalos e 10 de coraçöes. Os cisticercos foram classificados, de acordo com sua fase evolutiva, em etapas: vesicular, vesicular coloidal, granular nodular e nodular calcificada, com similaridade entre os diagnósticos macro e microscópico. Entre os processos patológicos destacaram-se a beta-fibrilose e a fibroelastose endocárdica. Adicionalmente, demonstrou-se que a classificaçäo pode ser aplicada tanto na cisticercose encefálica como na cardíaca


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Cardiomyopathies/parasitology , Cysticercosis/parasitology , Cysticercus/growth & development , Brazil/epidemiology , Cadaver , Cardiomyopathies/epidemiology , Cardiomyopathies/pathology , Cysticercosis/epidemiology , Cysticercosis/pathology , Neurocysticercosis/epidemiology , Neurocysticercosis/parasitology , Neurocysticercosis/pathology , Prevalence
20.
Neurol India ; 2000 Sep; 48(3): 260-2
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-120234

ABSTRACT

A clinical picture consisting of seizures, multiple non-tender subcutaneous nodules, and multiple 'nodular or ring' enhancing lesions in computed tomography of the brain is considered characteristic of neurocysticercosis in an endemic area. 1,2 A case with a similar clinical picture, in whom serological tests and histopathological examination of subcutaneous nodule established tuberculosis as a cause, is presented.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Diagnosis, Differential , Epilepsy/microbiology , Female , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Neurocysticercosis/pathology , Seizures/microbiology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Tuberculoma, Intracranial/pathology
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